The question of whether whether governments should focus aid on citizens rather than people abroad is widely debated in modern society. While the social contract gives governments a special responsibility toward citizens, I am convinced that ethical and strategic interests also require selective global assistance.
The most compelling reason is that domestic welfare is the foundation of political legitimacy. This matters because taxpayers are more likely to support aid when schools, hospitals, and infrastructure at home are not neglected. Moreover, well-targeted foreign assistance can reduce disease, conflict, and environmental damage before they expand. These effects can continue to influence individuals and communities beyond the immediate situation.
Admittedly, pure nationalism ignores the interdependence of modern economies and ecosystems. Yet this weakness can be reduced if aid is transparent, limited, and focused on severe need or shared risks. Furthermore, a balanced approach would allow countries to honour citizens without abandoning global responsibility.
On balance, governments should prioritise citizens but not become indifferent to the world. Provided that those rules are consistently enforced, this approach offers a stronger and more sustainable answer to the issue.